«Śukasaptati»
Manuscripts and Translations

The oldest known manuscript dates back to the 15th century CE.

Text History

The Sanskrit text of the collection is known in two recensions, which the German scholar Richard Schmidt dubbed in Latin textus simplicior («simple») and textus ornatior («ornamented»). The simple or early text is attributed to a certain Brahmin, Chintamani (Jewel of the Mind), while the ornate text belongs to a Jain of the Shvetambara sect («Those Dressed in Bright, White Garments»).

The simpler version is considered older. The names simplicior and ornatior were assigned to it by the German scholar Richard Schmidt.

Our translation, like Shiryaev’s, is based on the «simple» recension, believed to be the earlier one, dating back to the mid-first millennium.

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Translations

There have been many translations of this book into Indian and non-Indian languages. As early as the 14th century, translations of the stories of «Shuka-saptati» appeared in Malay—»Hikayat Bayan Budiman,» written by a certain Qadi Hasan in 1371 CE—and in Persian—by the scholar Nahshabi in a book entitled «Tuti-nama.» This translation, in turn, was translated into Turkish, and then into German. In the 14th century, the Indo-Persian author Nahshabi created «Tuti-nama,» a book of stories borrowing the «framework» and some of the plots from «Shuka-saptati.» Thanks to this Persian rendition, «Seventy Tales of the Parrot Shuka» became known in Central Asia and then in European countries. The first Russian translation of «Shuka-saptati» from Sanskrit was done by M. A. Shiryaev and published under the editorship and foreword of V. I. Kalyanov in 1960 by the Publishing House of Eastern Literature (Sem’desyaty rasskazov parrot. Translated from Sanskrit by M. A. Shiryaev. Ed. and preface by V. I. Kalyanov. Moscow, 1960). It was later republished in 1982 in the collection «Indian Medieval Narrative Prose,» and again in 2007. In 2000, a translation from Sanskrit into English by the Indian diplomat and scholar A. N. D. Haksar was published. The foreword claims that this is the first translation into English.
Sources
शुकसप्तति, दिल्लि, १९५९ (śukasaptati, Delhi, 1959). Haksar, Aditya Narayan Dhairyasheel. Shuka Saptati — Seventy tales of the Parrot. India: HarperCollins, 2000. Семьдесят рассказов попугая. Пер. с санскрита М.А. Ширяева. Ред. и пред. В.И. Кальянова. М., 1960. «Индийская средневековая повествовательная проза». Перевод с санскрита. М., 1982.

Sources


शुकसप्तति, दिल्लि, १९५९ (śukasaptati, Delhi, 1959).

Haksar, Aditya Narayan Dhairyasheel. Shuka Saptati — Seventy tales of the Parrot. India: HarperCollins, 2000.

Семьдесят рассказов попугая. Пер. с санскрита М.А. Ширяева. Ред. и пред. В.И. Кальянова. М., 1960.

«Индийская средневековая повествовательная проза». Перевод с санскрита. М., 1982.

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